Electronic and spintronic devices are devices that use the properties of electrons to transmit, process and store information. Electronic devices use the electrical charge of an electron to encode ...
Abstract: This article considers modern applied problems formalized as the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) and its generalizations. The main mathematical formulations are analyzed, with particular ...
Spintronics is the use of a fundamental property of particles known as spin for information processing. In many ways, spintronics is analogous to electronics, which instead uses the electrical charge ...
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