Female genital cutting affects over 140 million women worldwide. Prevalent in certain countries of Africa and the Middle East, the practice continues among immigrants to industrialized countries.

Researchers determined that aesthetic surgery of the labia minora using an edge excision technique leads to satisfactory aesthetic outcomes with few complications. The retrospective chart review ...

Vulvar cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects your vulva. Several options, such as topical medication, surgery, and chemotherapy, are available to treat cancerous and precancerous cells near ...

Labial reduction is a term used to describe any surgical procedure that is intended to reduce the size and volume of the labia minora. The criteria for labial reduction are either functional or ...

Labiaplasty is a controversial cosmetic surgery procedure on the female external genitalia, which many have equated with the oft-condemned female genital mutilation (FGM) that has been made a criminal ...

Squamous cell vulvar cancer is the most common type of vulvar cancer. It’s often diagnosed in the early stages when it’s found only in the vulva. The main treatment for this cancer is surgery. Share ...

Safety and Acceptability of Three Ablation Treatments for High-Grade Cervical Precancer: Early Data From a Randomized Noninferiority Clinical Trial The mean age of our patients was 63.7 years. All 18 ...

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a precancerous condition. If a person does not receive treatment for VIN, they may have an increased risk of developing vulvar cancer. Most people with VIN do ...

Vulvar mucosal melanoma is a form of cancer that develops in the cells of the mucus membranes in the vulva. Symptoms include unexpected bleeding, vaginal pain, unusual discharge, itching, and a lump ...

Type I Clitoridectomy: partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or the clitoral hood (prepuce) Type Ia: removal of the clitoral hood or prepuce only Type Ib: removal of the clitoris with the ...