Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) demand continuous proficiency in understanding complex IFR charts and procedures, which are distinctly different from Visual Flight Rules (VFR) navigation, to safely ...
Earning an instrument and a type rating today still demands the applicant successfully fly a circling approach. Despite the FAA’s recent Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123 calling for an increased focus ...
Before electronic flight bags, pilots used either Jeppesen or NOS paper charts for instrument approaches. Jeppesen charts were considered higher quality but more expensive. Key differences between ...
In Part 1, we discussed how there’s a significant difference between flying a circling approach in training and flying one in the real world. In the U.S., approaches are created using criteria ...